Week 1-Discussion 2 Response

Week 1-Discussion 2 Response

Thank you for sharing your post. Ideas about the structure of the cell have changed over the years. Early biologists believed that cells were simple membranous sacs containing fluid with a few floating particles. Today, biologists are aware that cells are more complex than they initially thought. There are different shapes, sizes, and types of cells in the body. According to Hart & Neet (2016), a cell comprises three parts: the cytoplasm, the nucleus, and the cell membrane. Viruses are simple nucleic acid packets, either DNA or RNA. These are surrounded by a protein shell and sometimes lipids. A virus is a dormant particle outside a living cell and lacks the raw materials for reproduction. It is not until it enters a host cell does it go into action. The virus takes over the cell’s metabolic machinery to replicate itself, which may eventually break free from the infected cells or sometimes bud off a cell membrane. This lack of self-sufficiency implies that it is impossible to culture the virus cells in any artificial media for the development of vaccines or for research purposes (Dimmock et al., 2016). An example of a disease caused by virus cells is COVID-19.

Most bacteria have a single circular molecule of DNA that encodes the necessary genes for purposes of reproduction and other functions of the cell. Sometimes, the bacteria may have accessory small DNA rings referred to as plasmids, which encode for specific functions such as antibiotic resistance. Unlike the more complex life forms, bacteria possess a single set of chromosomes rather than two. The bacterial cells reproduce through cell division in a process referred to as binary fission, with the offspring being identical with the exact genetic material (Dimmock et al., 2016). An example of a bacterial infection is tuberculosis

Reference

Dimmock, N. J., Easton, A. J., & Leppard, K. N. (2016). Introduction to modern virology. John Wiley & Sons.

Hart, G. W., & Neet, K. E. (2016). Molecular cell biology. Acad. Press, Elsevier.

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Week 1-Discussion 2 Response

• Length: A minimum of 200 words per post, not including references
• Citations: At least one high-level scholarly reference in APA per post from within the last 5 years

Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. It consists of many parts that vary proportionally in different roles and functions. However, cells communicate with each other and connect to form tissues. Tissues come together to form organs; while organs functions in combination to form a system. According to Dlugasch and Story (2020), knowledge of cellular-level mechanisms, genetics, genomics, and epigenetics have led to scientific breakthroughs in understanding diseases, disease processes, and treatments. in Dlugacsh and Story (2020), the basic component of a cell includes the Cytoplasm, organelles (including the nucleus ), and the cell membrane. The cytoplasm does not only serve as a support for the internal cellular structure, but it also serves as a medium for where cellular work and exchange takes place. The nucleus, being the control center of the cell is the largest and the most prominent cellular compartment and contains all genetic information (DNA). Mitochondria are known as the energy house, lysosome functions to digest materials engulfed by the cell, etc. As there many other components of the cell with different functions. They also have the ability to exchange materials with their immediate surrounding, obtain energy from organic nutrients, synthesize complex molecules and replicate themselves.

Case study

Week 1-Discussion 2 Response

A 72-year-old male presents with a reduced ejection fraction, D/T left ventricular hypertrophy.
1. What is the most likely cause of left ventricular hypertrophy?
Cellular hypertrophy occurs when there is an increase in the size of the cell, not numbers. Ventricular hypertrophy occurs mostly either due to hypertension, Aortic stenosis, and athletic training