Biological Basis and Ethical/Legal Considerations of Psychotherapy
Does psychotherapy have a biological basis?
Health issues that require therapy begin in the brain. The psychiatrist believes changes in the brain may cause disorders treatable with psychotherapy. Psychotherapy is an essential method of treating mental health conditions believed to produce positive results among patients. It is a treatment method that is believed to have a biological basis by positively impacting the brain to enhance effective response and recovery (Wampold, 2019). Using the Psychotherapy process reconnects and mediates the brain network, which has been affected by negative aspects experienced by a person, to enhance healing. According to Sachs & Erfurth (2018), this method is useful as it regulates emotions, feelings, fear, and rewards to enhance the adequate functioning of a person hence the biological basis.
Explain how culture, religion, and socioeconomics might influence one’s perspective on psychotherapy treatments’ value.
Even though psychotherapy is prevented from being effective in influencing changes in behaviors, mental state, and anxiety, factors such as culture, religion, and social- economic affect clients’ perspectives on adopting this form of treatment. Therapists should be aware of these differences to alter the contradicting emotions and perceptions of clients about psychotherapy as an effective approach. According to Moleiro (2018), culture and background have a powerful influence on psychotherapy and can cause resistance, and unless these dimensions are clearly discussed, the approach is deemed inappropriate. A therapist should understand different clients’ religions and beliefs that the therapist should communicate to help the client understand religion’s role in psychotherapy (Captari et al., 2018). Also, many people suffer from social-economic issues; therefore, understanding how this factor affects psychotherapy is crucial, especially in vulnerable clients whose low social and economic status hinders their ability to receive optimal mental care and treatment.
The differences in legal and ethical considerations for group and family therapy and individual therapy
Group or family therapy involves group sessions that benefit members emotionally. They support each other and share experiences whereby individual therapy involves one individual involved in the therapeutic process. Ethically, these two categories are set apart by therapists’ ethical obligations to foster the group and family members’ well-being. This means more responsibilities considering all the clients, unlike individual therapy, which does not require exercising judgment (Bernal et al., 2017). Legal consideration for group and family therapy is obtained during the combined therapy session, which is more challenging in group and family therapy. Each member signs an informed consent, which means the therapist acts as though each person in the group is an individual client.
Additionally, any information acquired privately, such as a group member’s call, is not shared with other group or family members. Still, confidentiality is upheld irrespective of the clients being in a group (Stoll et al., 2020). However, in individual therapy, informed consent is obtained from the client, allowing the information to be used or kept confidential. Group and family therapy base ethical and legal considerations on the family system focusing on the relationship. In contrast, ethical and legal consideration on the individual therapy part is confidentiality, responsibility, and informed concept. It creates an ethical consideration difference between these two therapies, creating a dilemma in group and family therapy with many clients in a similar situation. Therefore an intervention process should serve all the involved clients with different and conflicting interests and goals, which hinders specific exploration of a specific action (Stoll et al., 2020). On the other hand, individual therapy, which focuses on an intervention that serves one person, encourages clients to explore their consequences.
How the differences might impact therapeutic approaches for clients in group, individual, and family therapy
In group therapy, legal and ethical considerations ensure that the therapist provides equal improvement of the member’s status by advocating for the family system during therapy. It will ensure that not only one member benefits at the expense of others, but a therapist becomes an agent for the whole group (Schiefele et al., 2018). Additionally, confidentiality consideration ensures that family members do not have secrets from each other by encouraging sharing. It is essential to obtain signed informed consent from each client in group and family therapy before using or sharing any information.
References
Bernal, D. R., Becker Herbst, R., Lewis, B. L., & Feibelman, J. (2017). Ethical Care for Vulnerable Populations Receiving Psychotropic Treatment. Ethics & Behavior, 27(7), 582-598. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2016.1224187 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10508422.2016.1224187
Captari, L. E., Hook, J. N., Hoyt, W., Davis, D. E., McElroy‐Heltzel, S. E., & Worthington Jr, E. (2018). Integrating clients’ religion and spirituality within psychotherapy: A comprehensive meta‐analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74(11), 1938-1951. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22681 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jclp.22681
Moleiro, C. (2018). Culture and psychopathology: New perspectives on research, practice, and clinical training in a globalized world. Frontiers in psychiatry, 9, 366. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00366 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00366/full
Sachs, G., & Erfurth, A. (2018). Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders–From the Biological Basis to a Rational Pharmacological Treatment. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology. doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyx101
Schiefele, A. K., Lutz, W., Barkham, M., Rubel, J., Böhnke, J., Delgadillo, J., … & Lambert, M. (2018). ” Reliability of therapist effects in practice-based psychotherapy research: A guide for the planning of future studies”: Correction. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-018-0891-9 https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018- 38116-001
Stoll, J., Müller, J. A., & Trachsel, M. (2020). Ethical issues in online psychotherapy: A narrative review. Frontiers in psychiatry, 10, 993. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00993 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00993/full
Wampold, B. E. (2019). The basics of psychotherapy: An introduction to theory and practice. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000117-000 https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-55366-000
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Question 
Post an explanation of whether psychotherapy has a biological basis. Explain how culture, religion, and socioeconomics might influence one’s perspective on the value of psychotherapy treatments.
Biological Basis and Ethical/Legal Considerations of Psychotherapy
Describe how legal and ethical considerations for group and family therapy differ from those for individual therapy, and explain how these differences might impact your therapeutic approaches for clients in group, individual, and family therapy. Support your rationale with at least three peer-reviewed, evidence-based sources and explain why each of your supporting sources is considered scholarly. Attach the PDFs of your sources.